Measuring the defect makes blood transfusion store the pathogenic risk Since the body is safer in blood transfusion

Measuring the defect makes blood transfusion store the pathogenic risk Since the body is safer in blood transfusion
Measuring the defect makes blood transfusion store the pathogenic risk Since the body is safer in blood transfusion
News reason arises recently, Ministry of Public Health cures Zhao MingGang, Vice chief of policy department, to appeal for publicly, the public establishes correct using the blood idea, don't transfuse blood when can not transfuse blood. "The human cognition of blood remains the very limited one at present. " He say before 1995, project that check sifted donate blood, excluding HIV check right away for example, our country had not found this kind of disease yet at that time, there is no effective detection means. Zhao MingGang say, not only in China, in the world, hepatitis B, third liver, syphilis, HIV, its detection had window one. Zhao MingGang says, even if we examine by best reagent, the most scientific method, the most sensitive instrument, the best personnel, have critical days of one period not to check out. Blood transfusion is only when having to use, we choose to use. Totally stop the danger transmitted infectious disease in blood transfusion, it is one of the difficult problems that the medical circle faces Carrying news through to the end listens to the appeal of Ministry of Public Health, we can't help asking, is there absolutely safe blood? How great on earth is the hidden danger of blood transfusion? How could we make sure to use the blood safely? To the public, what kind of understanding should have? At this point, we have interviewed the clinical blood transfusion centre director Liu ZhiGuo of the 302nd hospital of PLA. --The risk is understood - -Measure defective the intersection of window and issue, initiate the intersection of will and country Liu, infectious disease of blood transfusion, introduce, the blood is taken from the blood donor, they will examine through the strict physique when donating blood, but it is not enough for blood safety to only depend on measuring, though the detection means of blood has already been improved and improved greatly in the medical field of the world now, but AIDS, hepatitis B, syphilis,etc. have appearance of virus of one of windows to make blood testing face the invalid risk, up till now, still can't guarantee to totally stop the danger transmitted infectious disease in blood transfusion. This is one of the difficult problems that the medical circle faces now too. And with thing most important thing is in the relevant infectious disease of blood transfusion AIDS, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, HTLV infect and CMV is infected with etc.. After people are infected with the virus, need to produce antibodies through certain time, can not find the antibody in the blood during this time, are known as " window one " in this period of time . Though it is qualified to see the blood tested only at this moment, will still infect. And the materials prove about 90% of blood testing leaks and examines and the virus-infected accident of person who leads to the fact future trouble of blood transfusion is caused by window one, one just becomes at the window to result in measuring and leaking the main reason to examine and threaten the security of blood. Liu ZhiGuo says: "Except for example, the intersection of virus and nuclear acid amplify, it measures laws to be should be by shortening and measuring the window one through new technology at present, should reduce leaking and examining caused by window one by reducing the blood donor and is in virus to infect the window a person's proportion in colony mainly. And determine it is this crowd's new virus-infected rate that crowds are in a main factor of the rate level of window. Because the first period after infecting with the virus newly of one of window. The free blood donor because whole quality is relatively high, there are stable incomes, there are few situations with high-risk behaviour, new virus-infected probability is low, therefore it is low to in probability of one of the window, so the free blood donor is belonged to for being low and endangers the blood donor. We, through pursuing unpaid blood donation in a more cost-effective manner, measuring the blood strictly, reducing blood transfusion to endanger clinically with such measures as the virus of blood and blood product is deactivated rationally too. " " except that it is apt to infect blood disease that the bad reaction can not totally be accused of, there is certain danger too in blood transfusion, mainly refer to the bad reaction that blood transfusion causes. Can probably be by the look of two respects, immunoreaction and it is not the immunoreaction. " Liu ZhiGuo introduces. The immunity reacts and mainly dissolves courageous and upright immunoreaction and not dissolves courageous and upright immunoreaction. First because blood group conform, either whom blood transport, deal with improper or cause because receptor suffer from to dissolve courageous and upright disease person who take place dissolve courage and uprightness, react late, often present symptoms such as hyperpyrexia, shiver with cold, palpitation, acute renal failure,etc.. Second include, dissolve courage and uprightness person who generate heat blood transfusion react and blood transfusion correlated with implant, resist the intersection of host and disease, blood platelet, infuse invalid, etc mainly. The leucocyte especially relevant blood transfusion of lymphocyte react and become the safe important field of blood transfusion. The particle leucocyte in the leucocyte contributes to improving the patient's ability of resisting infection. But allogenic lymphocytes may cause a series of blood transfusion mentioned above to react when inputting a patient; In addition, study the recurring that may increase malignant tumour of pointing out the input of the allogenic leucocyte and chance of infection complication. At present except that the application of the leucocyte filter strains most leucocytes going in the blood through being high-efficient, thus it is safe to improve blood transfusion. In main caused by allergic response, heavy dose of blood transfusion that the plasma protein causes relevant bad reaction in immunity react and circulate overload, it is too fast in speed to that is to input a large number of blood or blood transfusion within short time, cause patients to be in heart failure. The allergic response is mainly because the patient is allergic to some materials at ordinary times, give an example and say, such as some people being allergic to penicillin, if he has accepted blood transfusion, and the blood provider has injected penicillin again, then will make the patient produce the allergic response. "Need to point out, the bad reaction can not totally be controlled. " Director Liu adds, " in these bad reactions, some cause artificially, also control, such as the response to the thing that load is overweight to circulate, can adopt the composition blood transfusion method, separate and purify various compositions of the blood on the basis of the blood proportion, infuse relevant compositions according to the needs of condition, lighten the burden, has avoided a lot of other bad reactions too. But as if the blood transfusion caused by immunoreaction reacts, inevitable. " --Counter-measure - -Body the intersection of blood transfusion and the intersection of safety coefficient and high those it has any to be comparatively safer blood transfusion way since? "Then will talk about it from the blood transfusion of body soon. " Liu ZhiGuo says. Since the blood transfusion of body means that stores patient's own blood in advance, input one's own blood while needing. There are three kinds of methods in commonly used one's own blood transfusion, the first kind is blood transfusion of body of since retrieving type. Adopt the intersection of body and the intersection of blood transfusion and device often, defeat by the patient after being anticoagulatory and filter. Blood transfusion of body of since blood transfusion of body and postoperative retrieving type of since the retrieving type in the blood transfusion of body, skill of since the retrieving type when can be divided into traumatism; The second kind is blood transfusion of body of since a diluting type. Since the body collects blood before performing the operation, exchange, lose blood with blood plasma increment pharmaceutical, therefore the patient's blood capacity maitains unchanged, and the blood is in diluting state. The blood adopted, can supply after or the operation in the operation. Right amount of blood will not influence organizing being for oxygen and blood to congeal the mechanism while diluting, but have Do benefit to reducing the blood and sticking consistency, improve function of circulating a little etc.; The third kind is blood transfusion of body of since a keeping type, call the prestoring type from the blood of body storehouse too. Choose, accord with to choose date for operation patient condition, in several days before the operation, collect blood to store fixedly repeatedly, then fail and return patients while or need badly at the time of the operation. Since the blood transfusion of body not only can avoid reducing the spread of infectious disease, blood transfusion of conforming to, irritated etc. blood group will not take place and react, and save the blood consumption of the storehouse. Doctors and patients interdynamic to guarantee clinical science say with the intersection of blood and the intersection of will and country Liu, must require medical personnel accomplish spend the blood rationally while being clinical. Reasonable blood transfusion, the intersection of composition and blood transfusion and blood transfusion of body since. Medical personnel want, realize clinical reasonable importance of blood transfusion, want, accomplish, it gives to be really in need of blood transfusion the intersection of patient and blood transfusion only just, avoid losing blood of favor, insurance blood. Should really accomplish rational blood transfusion, the important one point is that the medical personnel should fully understand blood transfusion indication in this professional range, know what situations should transfuse blood, what situations do not need blood transfusion. Blood transfusion up to the effective dose and works, on the contrary when blood transfusion quantity is not enough, the patient will not obtain anticipated blood transfusion curative effect, but the risk of taking blood transfusion and propagating the virus and causing other blood transfusion to react, so the medical worker should confirm the blood transfusion amount. In addition, the medical personnel should realize quantity and kind of blood transfusion, depend on blood composition acting on and life-span, depend on the need of patient's condition, so can lose the component blood and does not lose the whole blood, the ones that can lose a kind of component blood do not lose many kinds of component blood, and demand to fill in book four forms and regulations measured before blood transfusion conscientiously. And to common people's requirement, director Liu introduces, the country recommends the healthy citizen for 18- 55 years old and donates blood voluntarily, the course of blood donating must be voluntary with what has been asked remuneration. Influence is healthy that common people should know and will not donate blood, donate blood in order to save the patient's life. But blood transfusion risks transmitting infectious disease too, so should understand whether there are dangerous behavior and dangerous behavior healthy to oneself and receptor that may exist and endanger oneself, should withdraw and donate blood or postpone donating blood voluntarily. --Extend and read - -Omnipotent blood donor and omnipotent receptor collect the blood and input the course called blood transfusion in another human body from a person. In order to make blood transfusion successful, donor and the recipient's blood group must be inclusive, otherwise the antibody in recipient's blood will attack the donor's blood cell. If you take blood transfusion, someone will come, collect blood specimen of you, examine blood group, whose blood genotype does it determine and correspond to. The person of the blood of Model A can accept the genotype is the blood of A type and Model O people, the person of the blood of Model B can accept the genotype is the blood of B type and Model O people. So, the person of the blood of Model O is known as the omnipotent donor, because their blood can be donated to anyone, but they can only accept the blood of Model O. Model O though blood have A and the intersection of B and antigen at the erythrocyte, resist A and to resist B antibody and exist in their serum, so should do the cross matching to test before blood transfusion. The person with second kind of special blood group AB type is known as the omnipotent receptor, because they can accept that come from the blood of all four kinds of blood group. The blood of Model AB will not produce the antibody directed against other blood group, but really have antibody that exist in the blood of other blood group. (intern Liu Zhen is real)


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