The medical expert of the nuclear safety understands: How does the public protect nuclear radiation

The medical expert of the nuclear safety understands: How does the public protect nuclear radiation
The medical expert of the nuclear safety understands: How does the public protect nuclear radiation
Materials picture: On March 15, in Osaka of Japan, a lady watches the report about Fukushima first nuclear power station on the newspaper. Tokyo Utilities Electric Co. says on the same day, there is white steam that rise from the first aircrew of nuclear power station No. 3 reactor in Fukushima, unit No. 4 presents exploding and the condition of a fire takes place. Straight instructions of people of the villous themeda of Japanese prime minister, residents take refuge the radius is expanded from 20 kilometers for first perimeter of nuclear power station to 30 kilometers. Xinhua News Agency / Kyodo News Service The nuclear leakage that Japan's earthquake initiates has initiated the public concern. How does the public protect? The reporter has interviewed China's disease and accused of the radiation of centre to protect with the nuclear safety medical science chief Dr. Su Xu. Reporter: Which dangerous factors does the accident of nuclear power station have? Through what routes will it endanger people's health? Su Xu: The accident of nuclear power station is in the reactor piles the core and damages the accident, the radioactive material of mixing including nuclear fission product will be released on the outside. The radioactive cesium and iodine endanger the main radioactive nuclide of the health. These radioactive nuclide mainly causes danger to the human body through the following routes, first, suck it the air which the radioactive smoke cloud polluted; Second, food and water polluted by the radioactive material in ingestion; Third, skin attract enter body, the light influence, than normal the intersection of skin and high time much damaged skin. Reporter: Once it is nuclear and radiating the accident to appear, what should the public do? Su Xu: Once the appearance is nuclear and radiates the accident, the first thing that the public must do is to obtain the believable information about the accident as much as possible, understand the decision, notice of the government department. Should keep the information communication with the local government through various means, making sure to keep in mind can't readily believe the rumour or small way information. The second thing is, take the essential protection own safeguard procedures rapidly. For example can select the building nearby for use to conceal, should close the doors and windows, close the ventilation facilities. Implement organizedly and withdrawing in an orderly manner according to the arrangement of the local government. When judging there is radioactivity to spread the incident to happen, it can not be in face of the wind that must guard against, can't have a favourable wind and run either, should try hard to hide from the side of the wind direction, and enter building and conceal rapidly. Take and breathe and protect, include sealing and shutting up the nose with wet towel, cloth,etc.. If suspect there is radioactive pollution on the surface of body, reduce the radioactive pollution by having a bath and changing the clothes. Prevent the food or water of pollution of ingestion. Reporter: Iodine slice (KI) Be protected from radiation? How radiation -proof is it? How much quantity should take? Su Xu: Nuclear after happening with the radiation accident, people may take in the radioactive iodine, concentrate on thyroid gland, enable these organ more heavily dose of shining. On physiology, the main source of the human iodine is the absorption of the thyroid gland, the thyroid gland produces hormone of thyroid gland by the iodine. KI is the iodine of stability, it can make the iodine in the thyroid gland saturate to prevent the absorption of the radioactive iodine. It is 100 milligrams of iodine to the administration amount which the adult recommends, to pregnant woman and children 3- 12 years old, the taking amount is 50 milligrams, the taking amount of children under the age of 3 is 25 milligrams. Reporter: What should be paid attention to to take iodine of stability? Su Xu: The administration of the iodine slice should be in accordance with the instructions of the government, only the government could determine whether to need to take the iodine one after assessing the accident state. Can't assume subjectively or take without authorization because of being frightened only according to individual. Reporter: In what situations need to take the personal safeguard procedures? What should the public pay attention to? Su Xu: Need to take some personal safeguard procedures when the air is polluted by the radioactive material. Can make to seal and shut up the nose and suck the dosage due to radioactive material to reduce by about 90% with handkerchief, towel, cloth,etc.. The shelter of the body surface can use various daily clothes, including cap, scarf, raincoat, glove and boot,etc.. Decontaminated to already receiving or suspicious by the personnel of the radioactive pollution of body surface, so long as tell the relevant personnel to use the water shower, and will be taken off and preserved by clothes, shoes, cap,etc. polluted, monitor or deal with if having time until the afterwards. (reporter Wang JunPing)


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