The whole story regarding the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine makes comments and instructions to study in Western medicine of Mao Zedong

The whole story regarding the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine makes comments and instructions to study in Western medicine of Mao Zedong
The whole story regarding the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine makes comments and instructions to study in Western medicine of Mao Zedong
October 11, 1958, Mao Zedong comrade make " Chinese one great treasure-house in medicine and pharmacology " to the intersection of Ministry of Public Health and " study Chinese medicine leave office the intersection of class and the intersection of situation and score and experience give reporting central about Western medicine ", should explore hard, improve " Importance make comments and instructions ( Abbreviated as " 10 11 " Make comments and instructions) . Then, " make comments and instructions " What kind of historical backgrounds back has on earth, " make comments and instructions " What influence is brought to domestic medical circle after issuing? After 50 years, this newspaper specially invited and cured the history expert Wang ZhenRui to write articles to review this. Wang shake auspicious medical circle, appear pattern that traditional Chinese and western medicine coexist until whom Western medicine learn spread into and develop, Chinese medical circle demonstrates the pattern that traditional Chinese and western medicine coexists, deal with guidelines and method that traditional Chinese and western medicine concerns the problem, form China in the important side of medical science of modern times. Modern Western medicine is studied as a new medical method and spread in China of medical system, at the beginning and taught the efforts of the group to realize through the western missionary. As China introduces the west and studies the enlargement of the scale, study and receive China's official attention gradually as part of western culture in Western medicine. Especially enter during the period of the Republic of China, the government has further devoted more efforts to setting up the medicine undertaking of Western medicine, set up medical universities and colleges and hospital in all parts successively, and sent more foreign students to foreign countries. Western medicine spread into learns relying on abroad, two kinds of domestic strength, get faster spread and development in China. The medicine foreign student who returned to the homeland of medicine graduate and finishing study that trained at home had formed a new hygiene team, have occupied the position of making rival claims as an equal with traditional traditional Chinese medicine progressively. Academic development and growth of team of Western medicine, make traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese medicine interface face the severe challenge. Some traditional Chinese medicine families with progressive thought begin to ponder over traditional Chinese and western medicine and concern the question, canvass traditional approach to development of traditional Chinese medicine under the new historical condition, form Chinese medicine at the modern history " whether traditional Chinese and western medicine remit put through to send " . The basic concepts of this schools of thought are: It mutually has good and bad different academic systems although Chinese medicine, Western medicine belong to two kinds, but objective targets that the two study are all health and disease of the human body, so two kinds of medical science should and can communicate complementarily. After entering the 20th century, the New Culture Movement of China rose gradually, argued with five behaviors of negative and positive traditional Chinese medicine of the tool was as the same as the other traditional culture in China, have suffered the fierce criticism day by day. Some personages of Western medicine circle regard studying in Western medicine as standard strength, it of upbraiding traditional Chinese medicine " It is short " ,Even it is represented by my cloud cave to form abrogate by group on Chinese medicine,it attempt to legislate to last Chinese medicine government on once. Abrogating the words and deeds that the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine sent evokes anger and reaction of the personage of doctor of traditional Chinese medicine circle, large quantities of Chinese medicine classics participate in and resist resolutely and debate, in order to safeguard passing on and development of the pharmacy of Chinese medicine to play an important role. Continue " the May Fourth Movement " After the New Culture Movement, the famous scholar of the Chinese scientific and technological circle has initiated far-reaching " China's scientific process " Sports. " scientific process of Chinese medicine " Here " China's scientific process " The academy of a kind of improvement Chinese medicine put forward in sports is advocated. " scientific process of Chinese medicine " Opinion though valuable for experience,be emphasized by traditional Chinese medicine the values scientifics of the theoretical systems, therefore have obvious limitation. Mao Zedong has solved clearly in the basic principle initial stage of founding of the People's Republic of China when traditional Chinese and western medicine concerns the problem, the health status of the masses of people is equivalent to medical level and low, depend on Western medicine or can not improve public medical condition and hygiene state rapidly by the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine only only. As to concentrating on 20,000 Western medicine of the large and medium cities and breaking up to lie in hundreds of thousands Chinese medicine of the vast countryside must be united, cooperate with all effort, could finish the arduous and urgent task in front of medical circle. Three major policies of the hygiene work confirmed under the circumstances that comrade Mao Zedong shows loving care for - -" face workers, peasants and soldiers " , " put prevention first " , " traditional Chinese and western medicine of unity " ,And comrade Mao Zedong " unites every part of medical and health staff members of China and Spain oldly and newly for the epigraph of the national hygiene working conference on the first, make up the stable united front, work hard for launching great people's hygiene and working " ,Have solved the basic principle that traditional Chinese and western medicine concerns the problem clearly. But the academia abrogates the moisture regain of the Chinese medicine thought, the formulation of the concrete hygiene policy person has exerted an important influence. In September of 1949, convened a " deal with curing the forum old " in Shanghai in the name of Chinese Medical Association in my cloud cave . " deals with and cures the implementation step draft old " that the summary drew up according to having an informal discussion, by " solve and cure the problem old completely " It is a aim, have proposed the speed and expelled the education of producing Chinese medicine of any way promptly, must finish all finishing the Western medicine of all registration Chinese medicine opinion training in registration, 3 years of existing Chinese medicine in 9 months. Ministry of Public Health released " Chinese medicine doctor's provisional regulations " in succession in 1951, " Chinese medicine doctor's provisional regulations implementing regulation ", " provisional administrative regulations of Chinese herbalist clinic ", " provisional administrative regulations implementing regulation of Chinese herbalist clinic ", " provision on organizing the continuation school of Chinese medicine and class for advanced studies of Chinese medicine ", not only has limited the operation of Chinese medicine on the earth very much but also begun to transform Chinese medicine to make it become " scientific medicine " Chinese medicine education for advanced studies,it is last unable to pass on and develop normally danger not to last traditional Chinese medicine. In 1951, the indicative spirit of Ministry of Public Health of the regional foundation, set up the continuation school of Chinese medicine and class for advanced studies of Chinese medicine one after another, stipulate course offered is: "preclinical medicine ( , physiology, pathology, curing history, pharmacology, bacterium, parasitology) including dissecting ,Preventive medicine ( Including public health, lemology) ,The clinic diagnosis is technological ' Including inner, surgery, first aid is studied, acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, tissue therapy) ,Social science ( Including biref history of the social development, new democratic justice theory, report on current events) Wait for 4 kinds " . It is obvious the education for advanced studies of Chinese medicine is not " Produce new Chinese medicine " Education,but existing in transformation Chinese medicine make it " scientific " Education. According to comrade Mao Zedong's instruction, the central gentle committee has investigated the relevant work further, find and carry out " Unite traditional Chinese and western medicine " Sanitary for working policy for,exist wrong. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out in 1954: "Pay attention to Chinese medicine, study Chinese medicine, study and sort out and develop about Chinese medicine, this will be one of the great undertakings while contributing to the whole mankind in our motherland. " And especially emphasize: The key problem is that Western medicine studies Chinese medicine. " People's Daily " published the editorial entitled ' carrying out the correct policy of treating Chinese medicine ' on October 20, 1954, point out: "The necessity of calling and organizing Western medicine to learn to study traditional Chinese medicine is unquestionable. " Central gentle the intersection of committee and leading Party group propose " about improve Chinese medicine work issue for the central report ": Establish the academy of traditional Chinese medicine; Absorb Chinese medicine and join the large hospital and work; Expand and improve business of Chinese medicine; Improve Chinese medicine Receive a training of work; The ones that strengthened to traditional Chinese medicine produced and sold management; Put in order and publish Chinese medicine books; Chinese Medical Association should include Chinese medicine, makes it become mass learned society of the national medical circle. , academy of traditional Chinese medicine prepare, in, establish will it be October 1954, until a stupid one beautiful and Lian Zhu, what high the people responsible for concrete work. Preparatory department receive the acupuncture and moxibustion treatment experiment directly under former Ministry of Public Health successively, continuation school of Chinese medicine of Beijing, medical research institute of China of research institute of the central hygiene, the intersection of North China and Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the intersection of Chongqing and the intersection of city and seven the intersection of the People's Hospital and surgical the intersection of pile and the intersection of Lou and group, still the intersection of North China and the intersection of the People's Hospital and preparatory department in not preparing. In preparation of academy of traditional Chinese medicine, Ministry of Public Health successively released the transfer order to national all relevant universities and colleges and large hospital, requisition attending physician, high age and service seniority resident and higher medical graduates of universities and colleges, go to the academy of traditional Chinese medicine of Ministry of Public Health to register within a definite time period, in order to establish Western medicine and leave office to study the Chinese medicine seminar. Academy of traditional Chinese medicine declare, establish formally will it be December 19 1955, establish by academy of traditional Chinese medicine national Western medicine learnt the seminar of Chinese medicine and started a new term meanwhile on the first. The grand ceremony ceremony is held in the inner cabinet of north line in Guang'anmen of Beijing. Chou En-lai, Premier of the Government Administration Council, is own handwriting of setting up in the academy of traditional Chinese medicine: " develop the medical legacy of the motherland, serve for socialist construction " . The central leaders of the Party and the government specially set up, thank feeling, Li Jishen, Xi Zhongxun etc. to congratulate slowly, the Soviet Union in Beijing, Vietnamese medical expert have participated in the ceremony on invitation too. What Ministry of Public Health appointed stupidly is beautiful as the president of academy of traditional Chinese medicine, and hold party's chief branch secretary concurrently to write. The new term begins by December 19, 1955, national Western medicine study the intersection of Chinese medicine and seminar, own from the whole country the intersection of doctor of Western medicine and student in common, count 84 people on the first ' Several people leave under order midway after the new term begins) . It is an unprecedented invention to study Chinese medicine in Western medicine, the learning method is a subject to be studied urgently. " launched the research work of medical science in the motherland " of editorial of " Guangming Daily " pointed out clearly on December 21, 1955: "Study the academy of Chinese medicine, must study systematically, accept in an all-round way in Western medicine, then sort out and improve. " This has been producing the " studies systematically, master in an all-round waying of guidance function all the time in these decades, put in order and improve " Statement initially of the 12 -word policy. December 23, 1955, in order to celebrate the academy of traditional Chinese medicine established carrying an editorial " health newspaper " <>, to the above-mentioned " 12 -word policy " Have further explained. Study the work of Chinese medicine in Western medicine, while overcoming the difficulty, summarizing the experience constantly, expand scale gradually. From the end of 1955 to the beginning of 1956, except seminar of the academy of traditional Chinese medicine, also established Western medicine to leave office and study the Chinese medicine class in Guangzhou, Shanghai, Wuhan, Chengdu, Tianjin, some areas have also organized leaving office in the study class in a short time of 6- 8 months. Organized Western medicine to study the on-the-job study class of Chinese medicine extensively at the end of 1955. Some areas also select some Western medicine between twenty and fifty, acknowledge old docter of TCM as master. Learn through a multi-form one, Western medicine student realize generally Chinese medicine have abundant clinical experience not merely, and there are unique theoretical systems, Chinese medicine can be studied, and can learn to understand, study the open one. Having produced the first batch and combined traditional Chinese and western medicine in senior doctor June of 1958, China produced the first batch of senior doctors combining traditional Chinese and western medicine - -The first national Chinese medicine seminar's student who the academy of traditional Chinese medicine established has graduated! The graduation ceremony was held ceremoniously on July 3, 1958, leading comrades such as of Deputy Director of the State Council second office Zhang Jia have studied very outstanding student and awarded gold medal, silver medal and copper medal separately for 25. Through 3 years ' 1955~1958) Work hard,work Chinese medicine study Western medicine which obtain certain achievement, and accumulated certain experience. Ministry of Public Health present " study about Western medicine Chinese medicine leave office the intersection of class and the intersection of situation and score and experience for the central report " on will it be September 25 1958. " report " leaves office to Western medicine which the academy of traditional Chinese medicine establishes the students who studies Chinese medicine class make up, situations such as course offered, teaching way, time arrangement, school grade and rewarding,etc., have done more concrete report: "The new term begins December in 1955 of this class, there were 76 students, there are 29 Party members in Western medicine between twenty and fifty of age under 40 years old, the member is 23. Their school grade is good. We have already assigned more than half students in Beijing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and other medical universities and colleges, but they still concentrate on the college of traditional Chinese medicine and practise work such as teaching and clinical research with experienced Chinese medicine together at present. "The study course of this class is: Begin to study Chinese medicine policy and dialectical materialism, study basic theories (namely write inside by the intersection of section and want, the intersection of typhoid fever and theory, the intersection of gold and deficient outline, herbal the intersection of person who pass and teaching materials with modern languages of traditional Chinese medicine then, explain treatment law and principle) of Chinese medicine ,Listen to the Chinese medicine teacher give lessons and review with students by main way. It is altogether for 6 months, make all students read any ability to cure book of Chinese medicine; The heir studies Chinese medicine and faces card every subject promptly, rely mainly on teaching oneself at this moment, combine the classroom and coach and face the card and learn on the job and amount to 7 months; Verify finally that practised 3 months for one year, disperse in Beijing, Nanjing, Suzhou and other places, practising with experienced Chinese medicine, some students have gone to the countryside to cure the disease in the practice for the masses, result and influencing all very good. While studying basic theories to finish, each person has written a thesis, has sent a award while finishing the classroom to study. Before if you can't verify when it is finish to practise, write each person on one of theses,graduation ceremony can at no a award will be taken place also. The award to evaluate school grade and face disease result together by student and teacher, count, obtain first prize 3 people, the intersection of second prize and 7 people, third-class the intersection of award and 15 people. " " report " summarizes overall scores of the seminar: "Except that it is worse that there are one or two people, generally can know cut, France, square, the intersection of medicine and one law of curing the disease of Chinese medicine in the 76 people. They different from general Western medicine and Chinese medicine already, basically can use, and the intersection of west and two suits of technology face the card, teaching and research work. " The effects of " report " resentment that must once exist to students and careful ideological work done of doubt: The students are " interested in Chinese medicine progressively, think that studies the more meaningful. Especially cured many patients with the academy of Chinese medicine personally through them, they personally realize, cure the disease with the academy of Chinese medicine, really have higher curative effect. For example: There is a jaundice patient, condition of illness is critical, Western medicine fails to respond to any medical treatment, and then been managed by Chinese medicine method by student Li JingWei " . Refer to " report " Li JingWei, people, Xianyang of Shaanxi, graduate from the intersection of Xi'an and medical college 1955, present with respect, transfer, join whom academy of traditional Chinese medicine host national Western medicine learn the seminar of Chinese medicine, learn on the first in the same year. At time when the institute of traditional Chinese medicine of market practises in Nanjing, there is a bile depositing liver cirrhosis patient in the People's Hospital, Nanjing, use the Western medicine side? 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First, must depend on the leader of the party, strengthen ideological education; Second, studying the basic theory of Chinese medicine must be combined and faced the card to learn on the job, accomplish the combination of thoery and practice; Third, leave office and study time, can study openly in about two years; Fourth, student's marriage partner, by graduate from university or is analogous to the level, have clinical experiences for 2- 3 yearing, age is about 30 years old, support the party of the Chinese medicine policy, young Western medicine of the member to be suitable; The fifth, should solve Chinese medicine teachers and teaching material problem, improve the teaching method at any time. " study about Western medicine Chinese medicine leave office the intersection of class and the intersection of situation and score and experience give central report " send the intersection of Mao Zedong and comrade to in the hand quickly. Comrade Mao Zedong wrote down in " report " making comments and instructions importantly as follows on October 11, 1958: " I think if can each province, municipality and autonomous region did one of 70- 80 people's Western medicines to leave office in the study class respectively in 1958, with two years by a definite date, in the winter of 1960 or spring of 1961, we had about 2000 senior doctors who such midwest combined, among them several sophisticated theoreticians may appear Chinese medicine and pharmacology are a great treasure-house, should explore hard, improve. " The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China follows comrade Mao Zedong's instruction, " the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is to the written instruction on organizing Western medicine to leave office and study class' final report of Chinese medicine of leading Party group of Ministry of Public Health " to rewrite the content that comrade Mao Zedong makes comments and instructions, , soon in cause the enormous response while being national. On November 28, 1958, " People's Daily " published the editorial of " launching Western medicine and studying the Chinese medicine movement in a more cost-effective manner ", have propagated " the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is the written instruction on organizing Western medicine and leaving office and studying class' final report of Chinese medicine of leading Party group of Ministry of Public Health ", and sent out and strengthened the strong call even more. Will it be December 3 1958, " the the intersection of health and newspaper " carry an editorial " must go all out with the mass movement to carry out the policy of Chinese medicine of the party ". " the People's Daily " carry an editorial " carried out the policy of Chinese medicine of the party conscientiously " again will it be January 25 1959. These important articles have all propagated the Chinese medicine policy of the party in a more cost-effective manner, the development of the mass movement to study Chinese medicine of Western medicine plays an important role. After February of 1959, the mass movement to study Chinese medicine of Western medicine raised a new climax. The diversified forms of one " The west is while studying " Educate, having trained large quantities of traditional Chinese and western medicine and concurrently open new talent, among them not lack " senior doctor combining in the midwest " who comrade Mao Zedong looked forward to Or " sophisticated theoretician " . They have mostly struggled in the scientific research of traditional Chinese medicine, forefront of teaching, medical treatment for many years, dedicate on their own work positions unselfishly, cultivate quietly, make important contributions to development of China's medical science, have played an enormous role for international repercussions and spread of expanding pharmacy of Chinese medicine. Author's profile: Wang ZhenRui, researcher of Chinese Ins of Medical Documents of academy of sciences of Chinese Chinese medicine, " whether China cure the intersection of history and magazine " the intersection of editorial department and director, Chinese Medical Association cure the intersection of history and credit know general secretary.


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